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|phone = 06 80 70 359 |
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| − | '''Sacro Cuore Immacolato di Maria''' is a church dedicated to the Sacred Heart of the [[Blessed Virgin Mary]]. Picture of the church at Wikimedia Commons.[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pinciano_-_S._Cuore_Immacolato_di_Maria.JPG] |
+ | '''Sacro Cuore Immacolato di Maria''' is a church dedicated to the Sacred Heart of the [[Blessed Virgin Mary]]. The postal address is Via del Sacro Cuore di Maria 5 in the Pinciano district, but the main entrance is on the Piazza Euclide. The Euclide metro station is adjacent. Picture of the church at Wikimedia Commons.[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pinciano_-_S._Cuore_Immacolato_di_Maria.JPG] |
==History== |
==History== |
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| + | This large but badly-proportioned church, with its generous floorspace but mean elevation, witnesses to the sad history of its construction. The project to build a spectacular church in the neo-Classical style with a soaring dome, as a centrepiece for the suburb of Pinciano north of the Villa Borghese, was begun in [[1923]] to the design of [[Armando Brasini]]. It would have been comparable in grandeur with [[Gran Madre di Dio]], just north-west across the river, though perhaps not quite as magnificent. Funds were promised from various Italian communities in Canada, but the trouble started when that country was badly hit by the Great Depression after [[1929]]. The completion of the crypt allowed the parish to be erected in [[1936]], and the monumental entrance propylaeum together with the curvaceous outer walls and their embellishing columns were also completed. However, the second storey elevation of the nave and transepts had to have their design simplified as funds dried up, with more red brick and less stone. [[Marcello Piacentini]] took over as architect, but progress languished during and just after the Second World War. Finally, the Diocese decided that spending money on the provision of a proper dome could not be justified, especially as modern suburbs were springing up requiring new churches. The portion of the drum that had been completed was given a flat roof with a shallow octagonal saucer dome in [[1951]], which was the end of hopes for building. Financial problems delayed the formal consecration of the church until May [[1959]], when Blessed Pope [[John XXIII]] elevated it to the rank of a [[Minor Basilica]]. It was made a [[titular church|cardinalitial title]] by Pope [[Paul VI]] in February [[1965]], with [[Ángel Herrera Oria]] as the first titular. The present titular priest is [[Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja]] S.J., appointed in [[1994]]. |
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| − | The church was built by [[Marcello Piacentini]] to the [[1923]] design of [[Armando Brasini]]. It was completed some time before [[1936]], when it was made a parish church. |
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| − | + | The parish has been adminstered by the [[Congregation of Missionary Sons of the Sacred Immaculate Heart of Mary]], usually known as the Claretians after the founder St [[Antonio Maria Claret]]. |
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| − | Pope Blessed [[John XXIII]] elevated it to the rank of [[Minor Basilica]] in May [[1959]]. |
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| − | It was made a [[titular church|cardinalitial title]] by Pope [[Paul VI]] in February [[1965]], with [[Ángel Herrera Oria]] as the first titular. The present titular priest is [[Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja]] S.J., appointed in [[1994]]. |
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==Exterior== |
==Exterior== |
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| + | The plan of the church is quite complex. The basic unit is a Greek cross, with the dome at its centre, inserted into a circle of lower elevation. The midpoints of the façades of the ends of the cross touch the circumference of the circle. The nave arm of the cross is taken to the entrance by an extension of lower elevation (converting the cross from Greek to Latin). Between the arms of the cross, on the other side of the circumference of the circle, are four side chapels with an octagonal plan and having one tiny dome each on their flat roofs. The presbytery extends for a short distance at a lower level from the end of its cross arm, to meet a five-sided apse which is surrounded by an ambulatory. |
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| − | The articulated façade was designed by Brasini. |
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| + | The entrance façade and the lower, first storey exterior walls are as originally designed by Brasini. The entrance is through a Doric propylaeum in white travertine limestone with a strongly bowed frontage and supporting a triangular pediment. There are six columns in the round, and the central pair with the corresponding section of entablature and pediment are recessed. This recessed section of pediment bears a dedicatory inscription and a Papal coat-of-arms. The pediment as a whole is oversized, and the outer corners (rather bizarrely) are brought forward and supported by another pair of columns. |
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| − | There was supposed to be a grand dome on the church, but a smaller drum was completed in [[1951]]. |
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==Interior== |
==Interior== |
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In the [[baptistery]] there are modern paintings by the Armenian [[Gregorio Sciltian]] ([[1900]]-[[1985]]). |
In the [[baptistery]] there are modern paintings by the Armenian [[Gregorio Sciltian]] ([[1900]]-[[1985]]). |
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| − | ==Liturgy== |
+ | ==Liturgy == |
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Revision as of 11:27, 7 April 2011
Sacro Cuore Immacolato di Maria is a church dedicated to the Sacred Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The postal address is Via del Sacro Cuore di Maria 5 in the Pinciano district, but the main entrance is on the Piazza Euclide. The Euclide metro station is adjacent. Picture of the church at Wikimedia Commons.[1]
History
This large but badly-proportioned church, with its generous floorspace but mean elevation, witnesses to the sad history of its construction. The project to build a spectacular church in the neo-Classical style with a soaring dome, as a centrepiece for the suburb of Pinciano north of the Villa Borghese, was begun in 1923 to the design of Armando Brasini. It would have been comparable in grandeur with Gran Madre di Dio, just north-west across the river, though perhaps not quite as magnificent. Funds were promised from various Italian communities in Canada, but the trouble started when that country was badly hit by the Great Depression after 1929. The completion of the crypt allowed the parish to be erected in 1936, and the monumental entrance propylaeum together with the curvaceous outer walls and their embellishing columns were also completed. However, the second storey elevation of the nave and transepts had to have their design simplified as funds dried up, with more red brick and less stone. Marcello Piacentini took over as architect, but progress languished during and just after the Second World War. Finally, the Diocese decided that spending money on the provision of a proper dome could not be justified, especially as modern suburbs were springing up requiring new churches. The portion of the drum that had been completed was given a flat roof with a shallow octagonal saucer dome in 1951, which was the end of hopes for building. Financial problems delayed the formal consecration of the church until May 1959, when Blessed Pope John XXIII elevated it to the rank of a Minor Basilica. It was made a cardinalitial title by Pope Paul VI in February 1965, with Ángel Herrera Oria as the first titular. The present titular priest is Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja S.J., appointed in 1994.
The parish has been adminstered by the Congregation of Missionary Sons of the Sacred Immaculate Heart of Mary, usually known as the Claretians after the founder St Antonio Maria Claret.
Exterior
The plan of the church is quite complex. The basic unit is a Greek cross, with the dome at its centre, inserted into a circle of lower elevation. The midpoints of the façades of the ends of the cross touch the circumference of the circle. The nave arm of the cross is taken to the entrance by an extension of lower elevation (converting the cross from Greek to Latin). Between the arms of the cross, on the other side of the circumference of the circle, are four side chapels with an octagonal plan and having one tiny dome each on their flat roofs. The presbytery extends for a short distance at a lower level from the end of its cross arm, to meet a five-sided apse which is surrounded by an ambulatory.
The entrance façade and the lower, first storey exterior walls are as originally designed by Brasini. The entrance is through a Doric propylaeum in white travertine limestone with a strongly bowed frontage and supporting a triangular pediment. There are six columns in the round, and the central pair with the corresponding section of entablature and pediment are recessed. This recessed section of pediment bears a dedicatory inscription and a Papal coat-of-arms. The pediment as a whole is oversized, and the outer corners (rather bizarrely) are brought forward and supported by another pair of columns.
Interior
The plan has the shape of a Greek cross inscribed in a circle.
In the baptistery there are modern paintings by the Armenian Gregorio Sciltian (1900-1985).